WastedEnergy

Topics on Energy, Resources, Waste and Culture

Archive for May, 2010

I Love Trash

Posted by wastedenergy on May 21, 2010

Yes Oscar, yes you do.  And so do I: America’s own energy source, indeed!

Posted in Solid Waste | 1 Comment »

The Oyster

Posted by wastedenergy on May 21, 2010

With every crisis comes opportunity.  Essential truths like this one are easy to forget when one feels like a leaf turning at the mercy of the winds.  When the world of abstraction and the conventional narrative of progress dissolve in the cold hard acid rains of reality, when we run up against the all too physical constraints on growth, both personal and as a society, it behooves us to remember that such moments are not dead ends, but forks in the road.  I am reminded of an expression that is also often tossed about lightly in the winds, without much consideration necessarily given to the meaning of the phrase: “the world is your oyster.”

What could illustrate this pearl of wisdom more perfectly than the plumes of oil, the physical embodiment of mammon itself, slathering the oyster beds of the Gulf Coast today?  This event has forced big changes on both the villains of corporate greed responsible for the pollution and on those who have long made a life based upon those oyster beds, whether through fishing, tourism, or any of the other activities that have come to define human life in these parts of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida.  By now most of us have heard the stories and seen the iconic images of fishing folk asking themselves: “This is what I have always done.  What now?”  What may be getting lost here, though, is just how remarkable it is that we humans are able to ask such a question at all.  Perhaps that more than anything else is what separates us from the oysters: our versatility, creativity, and networks of support in the face of crises personal, environmental, and political.  These times may not be easy, they may not be Cake, but you know what?  Like Gloria Gaynor, we WILL survive.

Besides, where is the fun in having it easy?

Peak oil is another crisis that illustrates this point, connected as it is (everything in the world is connected) to the destruction of the oyster beds I mentioned above.  Many observers of the phenomenon feel they are privy to some kind of unique and special knowledge, and that their first duty is to alert the rest of humanity to the impending (or ongoing) crisis.  But what has become increasingly apparent to me over time, particularly in recent days, is how many people already see that something is amiss, and just how few subscribers there really are to the myth dispensed by schools and politicos of infinite growth in a finite world.  People, more and more every day, can see what is happening around them and the connections between political events and the day-to-day concerns of their lives, whether or not they may be able to draw an explicit cause-and-effect relationship.  No longer is it possible to deny the personal stake each of us has in the political issues of our times.

The answer is blowing in the wind – and crashing in the waves. And the times, they ARE a-changing.  What remains to be seen is whether we, or really, enough of us to make a difference and change course, are able to catch these waves, to set our sails in the new winds.  Today is a new day.  So seize the carp, as they say, and make it yours.    The world really is your oyster, but this point matters only if you are prepared to open it and find the pearl, not to mention the meat, inside of it.  Just as an appropriate response when life hands you lemons is to make lemonade (or even plant more lemons – who says they aren’t useful?), when life hands you meat, it makes little sense to refuse to eat it on grounds that you are a vegetarian.

When you come to a fork in the road, and you have no choice but to take it, will you use it to feed yourself, or to stab your fellow (wo)man in the back?

Posted in The Ether, Urban Planning | Tagged: , , , | Leave a Comment »

Fire and Brimstone

Posted by wastedenergy on May 20, 2010

What spews forth from hundreds of coal-fired power plants never regulated under the Clean Air Act, makes oil from hundreds of wells in Saudi Arabia and elsewhere too sour to produce even low-grade diesel, creates noxious and foul-smelling gases capable of suffocating animals and corroding pipelines, and pours from the sky as enough acid to destroy thousands of acres of temperate and boreal foliage every day?  If you guessed “sulfur,” you’re right on the money.

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Posted in Air | Tagged: , , , , | Leave a Comment »

Forward to the Past

Posted by wastedenergy on May 18, 2010

So, Energy Tomorrow, eh?  Have you seen the PR effort these guys, sponsored by the oil and gas industry, have been putting out lately?  I must say, I am impressed: they have put a nice thick glossy sheen on the industry’s image, almost as thick as the plumes of oil swelling below the surface of the Gulf of Mexico and washing up now on beaches and coral reefs of the Florida Keys and beyond.

What a load of garbage!  Want to know what the real “tomorrow” of fossil fuels looks like?  Probably a lot like the past:

Clean, Efficient, Reliable: Your Coal, Oil and Gas Industry, Since 1732.

Here’s a point this group of marketing whizzes would like you to believe: “natural gas has half the emissions as coal per BTU.”  Technically true, if you only consider stack emissions.  But I wonder what happens when we start looking at well-to-plant or well-to-wheel emissions for “unconventional” shale gas, which now constitutes nearly half of North American methane consumption?  And it is worth noting that a future built on indefinite consumption of limitless quantities of any fossil fuel, be it gas or anything else, consigns us to the same fate of an overheated world and a collapsed post-peak economy.  Here’s another fun fact they choose to ignore: “oil produced from tar sand, which is now being developed by every major oil company, releases twice as much global warming pollution per BTU as coal, and four times as much as conventional oil.”

It gets better:

“Safety is a core value of the oil and natural gas industry. We follow and constantly improve best practices for safe offshore operations, including training, operational procedures, regulations, industry standards and technology. In response to the recent spill in the Gulf, the oil and natural gas industry has formed two task forces: the Offshore Operating Procedures Task Force and the Offshore Equipment Task Force. These joint task forces will bring together industry experts to identify and further reduce the risks of offshore operations.”

Well, oil and gas industry, I have a question for you: if you are so concerned about safety, then why did you lobby tooth and nail against the same regulations you claim to follow so closely and bankroll the campaigns of politicians like Lisa Murkowski (R – OIL MONEY) who go to bat for you when the scum hits the reef?  And another: why, if you are so concerned about reducing the environmental risks associated with offshore drilling, have you failed so hard in every attempt to plug and clean up the spill, leaving it to the Coast Guard to offer their fallback option of stuffing a blown-out well with golf balls and shredded tires, not to mention Louisianans putting together do-it-yourself oil booms made of pantyhose and straw?  And why, if you really value the best interests of the public above your own bottom line, has every attempt to plug the voilcano for the first month it was gushing involved attempts to recover the oil and ship it to your refineries, instead of actually plugging the well and closing it down as you should have done from the beginning?

Here’s an even better question: what’s the point?  We have cleaner, more reliable energy sources available today, and you know what?  They are cheaper than fossil fuels and give a better energy return, too.

What tomorrow’s energy actually looks like, not to be confused with bags of slime.

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Bus-ted

Posted by wastedenergy on May 17, 2010

Most of the discussion surrounding peak oil has involved liquid fuel supply issues.  We must have continual growth in oil and other liquid fuel supplies, some say, in order to sustain the global economy.  We can’t live without our cars: what would we do?  How would we get our groceries from the store two blocks away back to our McMansions in the ‘burbs?

It makes me wonder if these people have ever heard of something called “transit.”  You see, here in the District of Columbia, there is no need to own a car.  In fact, the car owner is saddled with more costs and other burdens than anything else: parking, maintenance, traffic, road rage.  Meanwhile, I’m over here walking on sunshine, and don’t it feel good?  But certain distances do become burdensome to walk as well, and even bicycles come with their hazards and nuisances too: carrying around locks and helmets, the strain of long uphills, and the occasional raspberry from falling onto the asphalt or getting one’s leg caught in the chain.  Don’t get me wrong, I think bikes are a lovely way of getting around too, but sometimes it helps to be able to take a motorized vehicle around.  And while trains are lovely too, especially for central urban areas, subway systems can get a bit pricey at times too, and come with their own technical challenges – just look at the water damage to the Woodley Park and Cleveland Park stations on the Red Line, sitting under the Rock Creek watershed.  In fact, some studies have shown that bus rapid transit systems cost as little as one tenth as much as subways and light rail (although to be fair, these may not be including the costs of subsidized roads either).

Think about direction, wonder why you haven’t now…

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Posted in Energy Consumption, Urban Planning | Tagged: , , , , , , , , | 3 Comments »

Pump, Pump, Pump It UP

Posted by wastedenergy on May 16, 2010

The following is a guest post by Robert M. Whitson, a program analyst with New West Technologies LLC who currently works for the Department of Energy Wind & Water Power Program.

How do we store energy today? Those two double-A batteries you’ve got in your yellow Sony Walkman?
 
No large-scale energy storage exists for utililty power today other than pumped-storage hydroelectricity. Although much discussion today surrounds the potential for utility-scale storage in electric car batteries, the technology is not yet commercially available, as evidenced by the uncertain range on these cars, which may be as little as 100 miles to a full charge (caveat: see automaker BYD, who claims its E6 model can get 250 miles). At best, these cars are another 10 years out from “commercial,” and bidirectional car-grid energy storage technology may be as much as 15 years away, possibly more.
 
But what happens to these batteries when they go into a landfill? And did you know that: oil isn’t the only energy carrier that causes pollution when it spills? What happens when sodium acids from littered batteries leach into our sewers? No one has yet implemented a good solution for wide-scale disposal, and US battery manufacturers don’t exactly have recycling programs. Now, what happens when you spill water? Well, things get a bit wet sometimes, but the expression applied to small-scale water spills at the dinner table still applies: “Eh, it’s just water.”
 

Where do you go when the lights go out?
 
Water is the only utility-scale energy storage option available today – and more of it needs to be developed if we want to keep developing wind and other renewables around the world.
 
Water in this form is called pumped-storage hydropower. During times of excess generation, like at night when the wind blows and there is no demand for this power (apparently Germany is forced to keep its lights on at all hours of the night because of this) – water is pumped through a turbine to a higher reservoir where it is stored until the grid needs it and it is run back through this variable speed reversible turbine-pump. Because of the need for load balancing, pumped-storage is very good at quickly smoothing out fluctuations caused by other sources of electricity. Utility-wise, a combination of on- or offshore wind married with pumped-storage seems to make a lot of sense for providing baseload and peaking capacity. 
 

Above: Seawater pumped-storage system on Okinawa, Japan
Below: London Array, world’s largest offshore wind farm, UK


 
DOE’s Energy Information Agency’s (EIA) most recent figures claim the US has 21.5 gigawatts of pumped-storage capacity, with about 2.5% accounting for baseload power needs (2009).  However, not much more stands to be built (based on FERC permits) since it’s largely not “economical.” But economical begs the question of by whom and how this form of power is being valued.
 
Currently, there are only a few markets out west that value the added benefits that pumped-storage provides to the electricity grid. If the US were to create a unified market (wherein multiple utilities from across the nation can purchase wholesale power) for pumped-storage, this country stands to add an additional 30 GW in capacity, which doesn’t even account for the possibility of doing sea pumped-storage.
 
At some point this country will need to talk about storage when all the proposed on- and offshore wind is built out, not to mention a myriad of other utility and residential-scale renewables that will continue to be added to the grid. Battery technology is not quite here, but pumped-storage has arrived… in the early 20th century.

Posted in Energy Production | Tagged: , , , | 2 Comments »

Big Blue Watery Road…to the Future!

Posted by wastedenergy on May 16, 2010

There are a lot of myths being casually tossed about in the winds by renewable energy haters and doubters these days.  We could start with a discussion of the myth that “wind turbines kill birds.”  This half-truth, based on outdated notions about much older technology, ignores the facts on the ground, and these days, in the water, about what really kills several orders of magnitude more birds, not to mention other wildlife: cats, buildings, power lines, automobiles, and of course, oil spills.


Pleasant state of affairs, isn’t it?

(Sidebar: where else have we seen outdated notions take the place of facts in evaluating the potential for sustainable energy production?  Hmm…)

Another common myth about renewable energy is that it increases the cost of power for consumers.  The most common perception of renewables is that they provide a more environmentally friendly, but more expensive, form of energy than the unsustainable behemoths used by today’s utility companies, coal, gas, and nuclear power.  Google Energy, for instance, has set as its goal the principle of achieving “RE<C,” or “renewable energy cheaper than coal.”  Well, I hate to break it to you, Google, but this energy already exists, as has been shown by a number of studies on the effects of large-scale wind energy production in Northern Europe, which generates more of its power from wind today than any other part of the world (despite the fact that the U.S. has better wind resources than any other part of the world, particularly offshore on its coasts and on the Great Lakes).  Ah, Google, if only you could get over your California Taco Virus and look beyond the mirage of desert-based utility-scale solar energy and into the REal sources of scalable, cheap renewable energy: wind and hydro!  But even though this glass ceiling for renewables has been shattered already among those who follow energy news closely, uninformed pundits continue to publish alarmist, fact-free statements about how renewable energy production incentives or cap-and-trade systems for CO2 emissions would cause power prices to skyrocket.

However, in spite of wind energy’s tremendous potential and scalability, a few technical challenges remain to be solved if it is to become a base loading energy source as reliable as coal.  Interconnections between power grids will allow energy to flow into the grid from wherever the winds may blow at a given moment.  And yes, it would benefit us greatly to store some of that energy as well during times of high winds but low demand for power, in order to bring down the costs of energy during peak loading times and offset production from fossil-based generating plants.  And in spite of heavy investment, large-scale battery technology for utility-scale energy storage faces possibly insurmountable obstacles to its implementation.  Fortunately, there is another form of energy storage that has been waiting in the wings for us to take advantage of its myriad advantages: water.

In any case, the truth is out there: the cost of renewables tends to remain flat or decrease, particularly as technology improves and as economies of scale are achieved, as would undoubtedly be the case if the U.S. were to develop wind energy as a major power producer.  But fossil fuel and nuclear fuel and plant component prices must steadily increase as per Hubbert’s laws of peaking production of any non-renewable resource.  In the words of the Waterboy: You can do it! (And unlike solar energy, you can even do it all night long!)

If we can put a man on the moon…then anything is possible, as long as you’re on a boat!

Posted in Energy Production | Tagged: , , , | 2 Comments »

Wealth and Poverty

Posted by wastedenergy on May 15, 2010

Then…

…and Now

Posted in Energy Production | Tagged: , , , | Leave a Comment »

Been Plundering

Posted by wastedenergy on May 14, 2010

There’s been some question of late as to what exactly it is that BP stands for.  Over the past decade or so, the company has made a big deal of claiming it stands for progress, for environmental protection, for a sustainable energy future.  They have done a lot to advertise their investments in solar energy, for example, so much that it makes one wonder whether their budget for advertising their alternative energy investments actually exceeds their budget for alternative energy investments.  The company even went as far as to change its name, officially, from “British Petroleum,” which describes what they actually do, to “Beyond Petroleum,” although once they started taking heat for pollution from their tar sand production facilities, among other activities, they decided it would be best to just go with “BP.”

Well, today the reputation for environmental stewardship that BP has carefully and calculatedly cultivated over the years appears to be up in flames just like a blown out drilling rig, and the stock value of the company itself is plummeting about as fast as the Titanic sunk cost known as “deepwater drilling.”  And a few other things besides just icky tar balls have risen to the surface of late.  Namely, the not-so-light-sweet record of these epic plunderers.  Let’s have a look at the facts:

Blowout (not) Prevented

The peak oil deniers have been telling us for a while that deepwater drilling would be the answer to our troubles, but recently it seems like a very different type of “oil boom” has become prominent.  The BP shenanigans with which you are probably most familiar today are, of course, those pertaining to the Earth Day explosion of the Deepwater Horizon offshore drilling platform and ensuing 70,000 (not 5,000, as previously reported) barrel-per-day “voilcano” gushing out into the Gulf of Mexico.  What caused the explosion?  Nobody is quite sure, except that it had something to do with a bad blowout preventer, possibly caused by a faulty cementing job by partner Halliburton, or possibly by a dead battery, or possibly by faulty wiring.  Will we ever know for certain?  If this company and its cohorts continue buying off officials, not to mention witholding information from investigators (like the video taken by robot submarine repair units that led to the conclusion that far more oil was spilling than they initially admitted, which was hoarded for weeks), probably not.  Even if they start complying with investigations, like a likely-to-come Congressional subpoena, we may never find out – BP is pretty good at cover-ups, as it turns out.  Anyway, all the Bad Press that BP has been getting lately caused CEO Tony “Soprano” Hayward to ask, “what the hell did we do to deserve this?”  I don’t know, Tony, maybe it has something to do with this:

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Posted in Agriculture and Food, Energy Production | Tagged: , , , , , , , | Leave a Comment »

Damage Is Done

Posted by wastedenergy on May 14, 2010

The DEEPWATER HORIZON is a Reading & Bates Falcon RBS8D design semi-submersible drilling unit capable of operating in harsh environments and water depths up to 8,000 ft (upgradeable to 10,000 ft) using 18¾in 15,000 psi BOP (whoopsie) and 21in OD marine riser.

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